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silver_ creek
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Joined: Jan-08-2006
Location: Washington, Western Cascade Foothills
Posts: 653
bullet Topic: Onion Harvest
    Posted: Aug-13-2006 at 7:22am
Gary mentioned harvesting his onions before the rain. I grew onions for the first time this year (with lots of help from Rainyside!), and did pull them for drying just before the rain last week. They got one day of sun drying before moving to our open but roofed back porch just before the drizzle started.

Onions drying

Edited by silver_ creek
Terry M.
Silver Creek Garden
Zone 8a, Sunset Zone 4
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gary
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Location: Washington, Puget Sound Corridor
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bullet Posted: Aug-13-2006 at 2:59pm
Terry,

Most years the only thing that I'd do would be to turn about half the onions so that the "tops" hang over the front edge of the bench seat. The "windrowing onions" in the bed normally means that the tops of one plant row lay over the bulbs of the next row to avoid sun damage. Your porch takes care of most of the sun so all you have to do is keep the tops from staying/getting too damp.

I remember an August when I piled onions too high on a too small table and the tops 'slimed up' and diseased the onions. Ventilation to dry is the most important. This summer we've had the advantage of the dry weather so I've gotten by with just a few days of plastic cover.

With good weather, the best system I've seen used a picket fence and stuck onion necks between the pickets. 1-2 tops to the left and the same to the right side of slot in the fence. I couldn't find a photo of that but I think that you can visualize the view.

We can't always count on the dry weather so your roof allows us to still do the drying outside.
Gary
Olympia
Sunset Zone 5, USDA Zone 8
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silver_ creek
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bullet Posted: Aug-13-2006 at 3:10pm
The best of my crop is now hanging from the rafters of the porch roof. The remainder is on wire screens. Later, in the fall, we'll transfer some of the onions to mesh bags hanging in our well tank room which stays above freezing.
Terry M.
Silver Creek Garden
Zone 8a, Sunset Zone 4
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moondancer
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Joined: Aug-11-2006
Location: Washington, Western
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bullet Posted: Aug-13-2006 at 3:13pm
Terry, I am sooo inspired by your onions!! Hopefully I too can grow such wonderful and tasty looking onions!! I am just chomping at the bit to get my garden started. I hope to at least plant garlic and broccoli and a few other winter things this year and then in the spring really go gung-ho here at my new house with a veggie garden!

thanks for sharing!
Kristal
~There is a way that nature speaks, that land speaks. Most of the time we are simply not patient enough, quiet enough, to pay attention to the story~
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gary
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bullet Posted: Aug-14-2006 at 7:42am
Terry,

What varieties do you have in that picture?

I and many of my friends consider this one of our best "onion crop" years. I thouhgt that mine was because I finally learned how MUCH water and fert that onions require and supplied them with same. Now after the other opinions, I'll have to see if I can repeat next year and beyond.

For info purposes, onions need about as much water as corn and almost as much NPK. The size of the tops when bulbing begins determine the size of the bulbs.
Gary
Olympia
Sunset Zone 5, USDA Zone 8
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silver_ creek
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bullet Posted: Aug-14-2006 at 1:08pm
Gary,
The onions in picture are Copra. This was my first year growing onions; I grew Walla Walla sweets and Copra. Started seed Jan. 19 indoors and transplanted March 30 (read and reread the postings on Rainyside on daylength and sowing onions). I still had some bolting, in both the Walla Wallas and Copras- the non bolted Copras are going into long storage, but we'll use the Walla Wallas in the next month or so, or they'll get chopped and frozen. I planted walla walla and copra seed in a raised bed 2 days ago; if they don't look good going into the winter, I'll also start seed inside on Jan. 1.

Kristal,
Get your kale, broccoli, chard and spinach in quickly; my overwintering broccili and kale went in July 5, spinach and chard August 1. Here in Bellingham, we can get frost as early as September 10, so I like to get the winter crops up and growing before fall really cools us down. My garlic will go in late September.

Edited by silver_ creek
Terry M.
Silver Creek Garden
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gary
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bullet Posted: Aug-14-2006 at 5:15pm
Terry,

I thought that you might be growing them. We may have trouble finding Copra seed if you don't have it now. A few months ago, Johnny's Seed included this in their May newsletter:

Some scary onion news

        Copra is our much-loved, excellent tasting onion that keeps longer in storage than any other. We have been selling the seeds since 1985, when it blew away any other onion you could grow for long storage. It still hasn't been beaten, although from what we've seen, Gunnison is maybe tied - we have to trial them again. We get Copra from its breeder and one of our most important suppliers, Bejo Zaden. Zaden is Dutch for seeds, and Bejo stands for Beemsterboer and Jong, the two Dutch seedsmen who in about 1980 combined their two companies.

        In a Johnny's-Bejo meeting in May we learned that Bejo would like to discontinue Copra. Yikes! It's not a good seed producer, and none of the big mass-market onion growers use it because the yield is a bit low (a trait normally correlated with high eating quality in vegetable varieties - in Copra's case, it's a lot of sugar.) If you're a typical Johnny's grower, you grow onions for your family or for customers with whom you have repeat business, and who choose to buy from you *because* you carry higher quality produce like Copra onions.

        There is a slim possibility that Bejo will grow more Copra, but a better chance, maybe 55 percent, that they will grow a seed crop organically. That would raise the seed price a lot, hopefully not over the tolerable level, and if you're organic it would make your certifier happy.

        It looks like Bejo can supply us for about another year before it runs out. I'll tell you when we know more.


Most of the time I have been getting my transplants from Dixondale Farms in Texas. I sent an e-mail a few weeks ago about this and got a message from Bruce Fraser that they were still good on Copra for three more seasons.

For those that do not know yet, Copra stores so well that they can still be usable when you get ready to harvest the next year's crop. Onions still in April are very common. That's why the variety is so popular with Market growers and home gardeners. (Could that be why it isn't popular with commercial growers?)


Edited by gary
Gary
Olympia
Sunset Zone 5, USDA Zone 8
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silver_ creek
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bullet Posted: Aug-14-2006 at 6:38pm
Guess I better try and find copra seed before January if my rows don't sprout well this month!
Terry M.
Silver Creek Garden
Zone 8a, Sunset Zone 4
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gary
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bullet Posted: Aug-15-2006 at 5:14am
I harvested my onions on July 1st so they were well dried when I bagged them last night in case of drizzle today. The list is below with the weights and number of 4 foot rows they grew in:

Copra               8+#        3 rows
First Edition       10#        3 rows
Walla Walla        5#        1 row
Burgermaster        2#        1 row
Mars               4#        2 rows
Ringmaster          0#        1 row

This is after using up all the bolters and consuming Wallas and reds since harvest. I may give the Ringmaster's another year as I planted them on 2" spacing and then forgot that I was suposed to use half of them as scallions. Most bolted and none really bulbed. They just looked like odd shaped leek.

You can see the weight of the Wallas indicating their water content which is why they don't store well. You can indivdually wrap them in foil, refrigerate, and maybe keep them up to 90 days. But that is too much trouble so we'll just consume them first.

The eleven rows were across a 4'x14' bed so the rows were 15 inches apart. I planted most of the onions at about 4" inches for 12 per row. The reds also suffered some extra bolting because I didn't remove extras for scallions. I am not settled on this row spacing yet. It was somewhat determined by the number of transplants that I had. I will experiment some more in future years.

I got to use a new TOY on this job last night and it is great for this and for old men. (Scroll down to just above the leeks photo.)

"Gary's New Toy"

This made for a very quick work session standing over a compost pile with the bags at my feet. It should also work great on the garlics in another week or two.

Gary
Olympia
Sunset Zone 5, USDA Zone 8
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silver_ creek
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bullet Posted: Aug-15-2006 at 6:53am
Your new toy looks like a sheep shears! I think I planted my onions a little too densely- I have a hard time spacing my rows out as I should- it looks like wasted space to me. The bed I just seeded was planted pretty densely; I plan to thin the seedlings and transplant the thinnings to another area. I must remember to discipline myself to give each onion space....
Terry M.
Silver Creek Garden
Zone 8a, Sunset Zone 4
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cjmiller
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Location: Oregon, Willamette Valley
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bullet Posted: Aug-15-2006 at 3:31pm
Terry, that is a common mistake we all feel compelled to fill up that empty space and then live to regret it.
"Cute and little" is a deceptive problem that starts when you go to the nursery, and see the perfect plant for that too small spot---and thinning is so unfair to the sweet little plant that is growing so well just a little too close to its brother.

I got one of those sheep shears and it works great for lots of jobs, however I never thought to use it on onions or garlic!
Carol
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gary
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bullet Posted: Aug-15-2006 at 4:36pm
Terry,

Do not transplant until next year. Walla Walla is a notoriously poor germinator. Transplant growers have lots of trouble with it's size because they space 'tight' to give us 'non-bolting' sized plants and then the germination percentage gives them unevenly sized plants. In our 'often' cold springs, 'too' larges seedlings mean lots of bolted onions. Some years ago, I got some extra bunches from Dixondale because too many of the March 1st shipped plants were 'oversized'.

'Oversized' means about 0.50" in diameter. The same thing applies to the onion sets that are on sale every spring. Years ago the Brits advised not to use 'sets' that were 3/4" or bigger.

The problem is that as a biennial, onions can be fooled into thinking that they've been through two winters by cold Aprils after a springtime March. The Brit's spring is more reliable than ours. I don't go above 1/2" sets and prefer, when I can, to use no transplants larger than a pencil.
Gary
Olympia
Sunset Zone 5, USDA Zone 8
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silver_ creek
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bullet Posted: Aug-15-2006 at 5:14pm
So it sounds like I need to wait to transplant til mid- April? I can do that. I'm more concerned about my storage onions than the WallaWallas- they're good, but the price onions mid-winter is what started me growing onions- I'd rather have the storage types.
Terry M.
Silver Creek Garden
Zone 8a, Sunset Zone 4
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gary
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bullet Posted: Aug-15-2006 at 6:58pm
I agree on the storage onion needs. I don't know that the time for your overwintered onions will make much difference since they will be acclimated and sized by the weather between now and spring. That is part of the secret of timing for sowing this year. You might want to limit your use of the larger transplants.

The ship date we used this year was Mid-March. Instead of planting potatoes, we were putting in onion transplants on St. Patrick's Day. We've been burned with March 1st and they seemed small one year with a 3/31 ship date. We had no scientific 'control' plants in those years so who knows.

With your own supply, you could always try some on two week intervals. Especially with your foothills location, I say mid-March, April 1st, and April 15th. The plants will take frost as they will/may have been out all winter. As I said above, sowing timing will be your criteria. Trav recommends this same 3-date cycle method to find your best dates. He used 8/1, 8/15, and 8/31 to determine that he needed to get them in by August 15th.

This year two of our sites had a 28F and a 25F night in the 1st four days after they were planted. As recent immigrants from SW Texas, they didn't like that very much for a few days but they quickly recovered.

That friend told me today that out of 120' row feet of onions he expects 150# and only had 3 or 4 bolters all season. But he's also from Texas, who knows.

Good luck on yours and report back next spring (or your back up Copra sowing in January).

You might note that we combine needs to order from Dixondale. The shipping is the killer in small quantities. You'll note on the price list link below that you can buy 18 bunches for just twice the price of five. Buying boxes of 30 bunches from them is likely what your local nursery is doing.

"Dixondale Farms Price list and Ship Dates"

Edited by gary
Gary
Olympia
Sunset Zone 5, USDA Zone 8
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